1979 Quarter Double Strike A Comprehensive Guide For Collectors
Understanding the 1979 Quarter Double Strike Phenomenon
The 1979 quarter double strike is a fascinating numismatic anomaly that has captured the attention of coin collectors and enthusiasts worldwide. In numismatics, a double strike occurs when a coin receives more than one impression from the dies during the minting process. This can result in a variety of errors, ranging from minor doubling of design elements to dramatic, misaligned strikes that significantly alter the coin's appearance. The 1979 quarter, in particular, has gained notoriety for exhibiting several instances of this error, making it a sought-after piece for collectors specializing in error coins. To truly appreciate the intricacies of a double strike, it's crucial to first understand the standard minting procedure. Coins are typically struck once by the dies, which impart the design onto the metal blank under immense pressure. However, malfunctions or mechanical glitches within the minting machinery can sometimes cause a coin to remain in the striking chamber, receiving a second, or even multiple, blows from the dies. This repeated striking leads to the doubling or overlapping of the coin's design elements, creating the double strike error. The allure of double strike coins lies in their uniqueness. Each error is essentially a one-of-a-kind event, as the precise alignment and force of the second strike are rarely, if ever, replicated exactly. This inherent variability makes double strike coins highly collectible, especially those that exhibit clear and dramatic doubling. Furthermore, the 1979 quarter, with its relatively high incidence of double strike errors, presents a compelling case study for numismatists and error coin enthusiasts. Identifying a double strike on a 1979 quarter can be a rewarding experience, but it requires a keen eye and a basic understanding of the features that are most likely to be affected. Common areas to examine include the lettering, particularly “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” and “QUARTER DOLLAR,” as well as the date and the motto “IN GOD WE TRUST.” Doubling in these areas is a strong indicator of a double strike. However, it's important to differentiate a double strike from other types of minting errors, such as machine doubling or die deterioration. These other errors can sometimes mimic the appearance of a double strike, but they originate from different causes and typically command less of a premium in the numismatic market. Therefore, careful examination and, if possible, expert consultation are essential for accurately identifying and valuing a 1979 quarter double strike.
Expert Opinions on Identifying a Genuine 1979 Quarter Double Strike
When it comes to identifying a genuine 1979 quarter double strike, expert opinions are invaluable. Numismatists and error coin specialists bring years of experience and a deep understanding of the minting process to the table. Their insights can help collectors distinguish a true double strike from other types of errors, such as machine doubling, die deterioration, or even post-mint damage. Machine doubling, for instance, is a common phenomenon that occurs when the die bounces or shifts slightly during the striking process. This can create a flattened, shelf-like doubling effect that is often mistaken for a double strike. However, experts can typically differentiate machine doubling by examining the sharpness and separation of the doubled elements. In a true double strike, the doubled features will appear as distinct, three-dimensional impressions, whereas machine doubling tends to produce a more blurred or flattened appearance. Die deterioration, on the other hand, can cause certain areas of the coin's design to appear doubled or distorted as the die wears down over time. This type of doubling is usually less pronounced and more irregular than a double strike. Experts can identify die deterioration by looking for other signs of wear and tear on the coin's surface, such as fading details or the presence of die cracks. Post-mint damage, such as intentional alterations or accidental scratches, can also create the illusion of doubling. However, these types of damage are typically distinguishable by their irregular appearance and lack of consistency with a genuine double strike. Expert numismatists often employ a combination of visual inspection and magnification to assess the characteristics of a suspected double strike. They may use a loupe or a microscope to examine the coin's surface in detail, paying close attention to the shape, depth, and separation of the doubled elements. They may also compare the coin to known examples of 1979 quarter double strikes to identify any similarities or discrepancies. In addition to visual examination, experts may also consider the coin's provenance and history. If the coin has been previously authenticated by a reputable grading service or certified as a double strike by a recognized authority, this can provide further assurance of its genuineness. However, it's important to note that even expert opinions can sometimes differ, particularly in borderline cases. Therefore, it's always advisable to seek multiple opinions before making a significant investment in a 1979 quarter double strike.
Common Misconceptions About 1979 Quarter Double Strikes
There are several common misconceptions about 1979 quarter double strikes that can lead to confusion among novice collectors. One of the most prevalent misconceptions is that any doubling on a 1979 quarter automatically indicates a valuable error coin. While double strikes can indeed command a premium, it's crucial to understand that not all doubling is created equal. As mentioned earlier, machine doubling and die deterioration can produce effects that resemble a double strike, but these are generally considered less significant errors and do not carry the same value. Another misconception is that all 1979 quarter double strikes are equally valuable. The value of a double strike coin depends on several factors, including the severity of the doubling, the clarity of the doubled features, and the overall condition of the coin. A double strike that exhibits dramatic, misaligned doubling and sharp, well-defined features will typically be worth more than a double strike with minor or less noticeable doubling. The coin's condition also plays a significant role in its value. A 1979 quarter double strike in uncirculated condition, with minimal wear and original luster, will generally command a higher price than a circulated example with significant wear and scratches. Furthermore, the rarity of a particular double strike variety can also affect its value. Some double strikes are more common than others, and these will typically be less valuable. For example, a double strike that is known to exist in large numbers may not be as desirable as a double strike that is relatively scarce. It's also important to dispel the misconception that all graded 1979 quarter double strikes are guaranteed to be genuine and valuable. While reputable grading services provide expert authentication and grading services, their opinions are not infallible. There have been instances of counterfeit or altered coins being slabbed and graded, so it's always wise to exercise caution and do your own research before making a purchase. Finally, it's a misconception to believe that all 1979 quarter double strikes are a guaranteed investment. The numismatic market can be unpredictable, and the value of error coins can fluctuate over time. While some double strikes have proven to be excellent investments, others may not appreciate in value as much as anticipated. Therefore, it's essential to collect for the love of the hobby and not solely for potential financial gain. A well-rounded approach to numismatics involves careful research, expert consultation, and a healthy dose of skepticism.
Valuing a 1979 Quarter Double Strike: Key Factors
Valuing a 1979 quarter double strike involves a nuanced assessment that considers several key factors. The severity of the double strike is paramount. Coins with dramatic, easily discernible doubling typically command higher prices. The more pronounced the doubling, particularly in key design elements such as the lettering or date, the more desirable the coin becomes to collectors. For instance, a quarter exhibiting a clear, misaligned second strike will be more valuable than one with only slight doubling visible under magnification. The clarity of the doubled features also significantly impacts value. Sharply defined doubling, where the individual elements are distinct and well-formed, is preferred. Conversely, if the doubled features are blurred, weak, or partially obscured, the coin's value will be diminished. Collectors seek examples where the double strike has resulted in a crisp, secondary impression, adding to the coin's visual appeal and uniqueness. Coin condition is a critical determinant of value for any coin, including error coins. The Sheldon Coin Grading Scale, ranging from Poor (PO-1) to Perfect Uncirculated (MS-70), is widely used to assess a coin's state of preservation. An uncirculated (MS) 1979 quarter double strike will fetch a much higher price than a circulated (e.g., Good, Very Good, Fine) example. Factors such as wear, scratches, and surface abrasions detract from a coin's aesthetic appeal and intrinsic value. The rarity of the specific double strike variety is another essential consideration. Some double strike errors are more prevalent than others. If a particular type of double strike is known to exist in significant quantities, its value will be tempered by its relative abundance. Conversely, a scarce or unique double strike variety, where few examples are known, can command a substantial premium due to its rarity. The market demand for error coins in general, and 1979 quarter double strikes in particular, influences pricing. Numismatic trends and collector preferences can shift over time, impacting the demand for certain types of error coins. Periods of heightened interest in error coins may lead to increased prices, while periods of lower demand could result in price stagnation or even decline. The certification and grading by reputable third-party grading services, such as PCGS (Professional Coin Grading Service) or NGC (Numismatic Guaranty Corporation), can significantly affect a 1979 quarter double strike's value. A coin that has been authenticated, graded, and encapsulated by a recognized grading service is generally more trusted and valued by collectors. The grading service's assessment provides an independent opinion on the coin's genuineness and condition, adding a layer of assurance for potential buyers. Finally, provenance – the history of ownership and any documented information about the coin's origin – can add to its value. A 1979 quarter double strike with a well-documented history or a connection to a notable collection may be more desirable to some collectors. Understanding these key factors is essential for accurately valuing a 1979 quarter double strike and making informed decisions in the numismatic marketplace.
Care and Preservation Tips for Your 1979 Quarter Double Strike
Proper care and preservation are essential to maintain the value and appearance of your 1979 quarter double strike. These error coins, like any collectible, are susceptible to environmental factors and handling damage that can diminish their appeal and worth over time. Implementing appropriate preservation techniques will ensure your coin remains in optimal condition for years to come. The most fundamental aspect of coin preservation is minimizing handling. Direct contact with your fingers can transfer oils and contaminants to the coin's surface, leading to discoloration, spotting, and even corrosion. Always handle your 1979 quarter double strike by its edges, using clean, dry hands or, preferably, cotton gloves. This simple precaution can significantly reduce the risk of damage. Proper storage is equally critical. Avoid storing your double strike quarter in environments with high humidity or extreme temperature fluctuations, as these conditions can accelerate deterioration. The ideal storage environment is cool, dry, and stable. Individual coin holders, such as Mylar flips or hard plastic capsules, provide excellent protection against physical damage and environmental exposure. These holders create a barrier between the coin and the outside world, shielding it from scratches, dust, and airborne pollutants. For long-term storage, consider using archival-quality coin albums or boxes designed specifically for numismatic collections. These storage solutions are made from inert materials that will not react with the coin's metal and cause damage. Avoid storing your 1979 quarter double strike in PVC (polyvinyl chloride) holders or albums. PVC can leach harmful chemicals over time, causing irreversible damage to the coin's surface. When examining your double strike quarter, resist the urge to clean it. Cleaning coins, especially with abrasive materials or harsh chemicals, can scratch the surface and remove the original luster, significantly reducing its value. In most cases, it's best to leave any dirt or tarnish on the coin. If cleaning is absolutely necessary, consult with a professional numismatist or coin conservator who can advise on safe and appropriate cleaning methods. Regular inspection of your 1979 quarter double strike is recommended. Periodically examine the coin for any signs of deterioration, such as discoloration, spotting, or surface damage. Early detection of these issues can allow for timely intervention and prevent further degradation. If you notice any concerning changes, consider consulting with a professional conservator for advice on appropriate treatment options. Insuring your 1979 quarter double strike is a prudent step, especially if it represents a significant investment. Numismatic insurance can protect you against loss, theft, or damage to your coin collection. Consult with an insurance provider specializing in collectibles to determine the appropriate coverage for your needs. By following these care and preservation tips, you can safeguard your 1979 quarter double strike and ensure its long-term value and enjoyment. Proper handling, storage, and maintenance are crucial for preserving the integrity of these fascinating error coins.
